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EASY ENGLISH

കഴിഞ്ഞ വർഷത്തേതിൽനിന്നു വ്യത്യസ്തമായി പാഠഭാഗങ്ങളിൽ ചില കൂട്ടിച്ചേർക്കലുകളും ഒഴിവാക്കലുകളും വന്നതിനാൽ പുതിയ ചോദ്യങ്ങൾ പ്രതീക്ഷിക്കാമെങ്കിലും പരീക്ഷയുടെ ചോദ്യഘടനയിൽ വ്യത്യാസങ്ങളുണ്ടാകില്ല. വിദ്യാഭ്യാസവകുപ്പ് സമഗ്രയിലൂടെ വിവിധ വ്യവഹാര രൂപങ്ങളും ഭാഷാപ്രയോഗങ്ങളും ഉദാഹരണസഹിതം പരിശീലിപ്പിച്ചുവരുന്നുണ്ട്. 80 മാർക്കിനുള്ള ചോദ്യപേപ്പറിൽ അവ എങ്ങനെ ക്രമപ്പെടുത്തിയിരിക്കുന്നു എന്നത് പഠനവിധേയമാക്കേണ്ടതാണ്.

ഇംഗ്ലീഷിൽ A+ കരസ്ഥമാക്കാൻ ഈ പാക്കേജ് പരിശീലിക്കുക.

വിവിധ വ്യവഹാര രൂപങ്ങൾ (40 വരെ മാർക്കിനുള്ള ചോദ്യങ്ങൾ പ്രതീക്ഷിക്കാം. 5/6/7 മാർക്ക് വീതം ചോദ്യങ്ങൾ)

Language Elements (20-23 മാർക്ക് പ്രതീക്ഷിക്കാം)

Language Elements

I. Reporting ( 2 mark)

പാഠബന്ധിതമായ dialogues ശേഖരിച്ച് റിപ്പോർട്ട് ചെയ്തു പഠിക്കണം.

1. Boy: Where is your knitting?
Grandma: It is missing
Boy: Don't worry. I will search
Ans: Boy asked grandma where her knitting was. Grandma replied that the knitting was missing. The boy requested her not to worry and he added that he would search the missing.

2. Boy: Have you ever seen white squirrels?
Grandfather : No, I have never seen white squirrels.
Boy asked Grandfather whether he had ever seen white squirrels. Grnadfather replied that he had never seen white squirrels.

3. A Student: Did the snake follow you?
Homeopath: No, it didn't. I ran till I reached a friend's house.

A student enquired the homeopath whether the snake had followed him. Homeopath told him that the snake hadn't followed. He added that he had run till he reached a friend's house.

4. Manager: What do you want?
Ray: I need a tiger for my film
Manager asked Ray what he wanted. Ray told him that he needed a tiger for his film.

5. Manager: How long will you need this tiger for?
Satyajith Ray: We need it for a couple of hours for shooting.
Manager asked Satyajith Ray how long he would need that tiger for. Ray replied that they needed it for a couple of hours for shooting.

6. Ali: I need some potatoes
Akbar Aqa : Take it from down
Ali said that he needed some potatoes.
Akbar Aqa ordered him to take the potatoes from down.

7. Ali: How much do these potatoes cost?
Akbar : Sixty five Toumans.
Ali asked Akbar how much those potatoes costed.
Akbar replied that those potatoes costed sixty five toumans.

8. Neighbour : Why are you crying?
Vanka : My master has beaten me.
Neighbour : Have you informed your grandpa?
Vanka : No, I haven't
Neighbour : Tell him soon
Vanka : Ok, Uncle
Neighbour : What a cruel person your master is.

Neighbour asked Vanka why he was crying. Vanka replied that his master had beaten him. Neighbour again enquired whether he had informed his grandpa. Vanka replied with regret that he hadn't informed. Neighbour advised Vanka to tell him soon. Vanka agreed. Neighbour exclaimed that his master was a very cruel person.

9. Grandfather: Why are you looking so sad?
Martha: The principal told me to pay 15 dollars.
Grandfather asked Martha why she was looking so sad. Martha replied that the principal had told her to pay 15 dollars.

10. Kiran : Have you taken the inkstand?
Nilkanta: No, I haven't.
Kiran asked Nilkanta whether he had taken the inkstand. Nilkanta replied with regret that he hadn't taken the inkstand.

വിവിധ സംഭാഷണങ്ങൾ റിപ്പോർട്ട് ചെയ്തതിൽനിന്ന് നിങ്ങൾക്കു മനസിലായ കാര്യങ്ങൾ കുറിച്ചുനോക്കൂ.

Notable changes while reporting

II. Complete the dialogue

കഥാപാത്രങ്ങൾ തമ്മിലുള്ള സംഭാഷണങ്ങൾ ഉചിതമായി പൂരിപ്പിക്കാനുള്ള ചോദ്യമാണിവിടെ പ്രതീക്ഷിക്കേണ്ടത്.

Question Tag
(Refer Page No. 138 of the Text)

1. It was to be a battle of champions ----? (wasn't it)
2. The cobra was weakening ---? ( wasn't it)
3. A few drops of blood glistened on the cobra's back ----? (didn't they)
4. Grandfather had never seen white squirrels before ----? (had he)
5. They mounted the camera on the tripod --? (didn't they)
6. Martha can't put up with the decision ----? (can she)
7. Martha's grandfather has the money -----? (hasn't he)
8. The teachers had a discussion ----? (hadn't they)
9. Grandfather didn't pay the money ----? (did he)
10. Adichie becomes an early writer -----? (doesn't she)
11. I am the winner ------? (aren't I)
12. Nobody listened Vanka ------? (did they)
13. Kiran couldn't believe her eyes -------? (could she)
14. Tie on its neck --------? ( won't you)
15. Don't pay the money ------? (will you)
16. Let's buy the car ------? (Shall we)

തന്നിരിക്കുന്ന വാക്യങ്ങളിലെ Auxiliary Verbs കണ്ടെത്തുക. നെഗറ്റീവ് വാക്കുകൾ ഉണ്ടെങ്കിൽ Question Tag-ൽ Not ചേർക്കാതിരിക്കുക. Auxiliary Verbs നേരിട്ടു കാണുന്നില്ലെങ്കിൽ Main Verb വിഭജിച്ച് കണ്ടെത്തുക.
Eg: mount - do+mount
mounts - does + mount
mounted - did + mount

ഓരോ വാക്യവും tag ചേർത്തതെങ്ങനെയെന്നു മനസിലാക്കൂ. Let's ൽ തുടങ്ങുന്ന വാക്യങ്ങൾക്ക് Shall we എന്നും Imperatives വന്നപ്പോൾ will you/won't you ഉപയോഗിച്ചതും amn't I എന്ന പ്രയോഗം ഇല്ലാത്തതിനാൽ aren't I എന്നെഴുതിയതും പ്രത്യേകം ശ്രദ്ധിച്ചുവല്ലോ.

Question Making

പുസ്തകത്തിലെ page no. 66-70 വരെ വായിക്കുമല്ലോ.

ചോദ്യങ്ങൾക്കുള്ള പൊതുവായ ഘടനയും വിവിധ ചോദ്യവാക്കുകളും അറിഞ്ഞിരുന്നാൽ തന്നിരിക്കുന്ന ഏത് ഉത്തരത്തിനും ചോദ്യമെന്തായിരിക്കുമെന്ന് എഴുതാൻ കഴിയും.

1. Adichie began to write at the age of seven.
When did Adichie begin to write?
2. Grandfather paid four annas for the white rat.
How much did Grandfather pay for the white rat?
3. Martha got the scholarship jacket.
Who got the scholarship jacket?
4. The boy spent the afternoons on the tree.
Where did the boy spend the afternoons?
5. The land lady helped John by providing free accomodation.
How did the land lady help john?
6. Chinua Achebe and Camera Laye's writing influenced Adichie.
Whose writings influenced Adichie?
7. John met A.J.cronin at the deck of the ship.
Whom did John meet at the deck of the ship.
8. Two tigers were carried in the lorry.
How many tigers were carried in the lorry?
9. John had been active in the field of youth welfare for 15 years.
How long had John been active in the field of youth welfare?
10. I visit my grandfather twice a month.
How often do you visit your grandfather?
11. Vanka is nine years old.
How old is Vanka?
12. Nilkanta was shocked because his last hope of proving him not theif hit the dust.
Why was Nilkanta shocked?

Yes/No Questions

1. No, The police couldn't find Nikanta.
Could the police find Nilkanta?
2. Yes, Martha got scholarship jacket.
Did Martha get the scholarship jacket?

തന്നിരിക്കുന്ന വാക്യത്തിലെ Auxiliary Verb കണ്ടെത്തി ചോദ്യം നിർമിക്കാം.

Conditional Clause
(Refer Page No. 101)

If ചേർന്നുവരുന്ന വാക്യം complete the dialogue-ൽ ഉണ്ടാകും. തന്നിരിക്കുന്ന വാക്യത്തിലെ Verb-ന്‍റെ രൂപമനുസരിച്ച് ഏതുതരം Conditional Clause എന്നു കണ്ടെത്തണം.

Eg: If the camera works properly, we can shoot well.
If the camera worked properly, we could shoot well.
If the camera had worked properly, we could have shot well.

ഈ വാക്യങ്ങൾ ശ്രദ്ധിച്ചല്ലോ.

Aunt Jane : If you don't pay the rent, the owner will throw you out into the street.
Principal : If you pay 15 dollars, you will get the Jacket.
Jill : We could never buy a car, if they didn't allow instalments.
If Ali hadn't placed the shoe amidst the boxes, it shouldn't have lost.
Kiran: Nilkanta, If you had taken the inkstand I should have kept it there.

വാക്യങ്ങളിലെ verb-ന്‍റെ പ്രത്യേകതകൾക്കനുസരിച്ച് വന്നിട്ടുള്ള മാറ്റം ശ്രദ്ധിച്ചല്ലോ.

If+V1 - will/shall/can/may + V1
If +V2 - would/should/could/might + V1
If + had + V3 - would/should/could + have + V3

not ചേർന്നുവരുന്ന വാക്യവും ശ്രദ്ധിച്ചു വായിച്ചോളൂ.

Formal and Informal expressions

I will be pleased to give you/I will give you
give me your pen/could you please give me your pen.
You had better refer a dictionary ( had better+V1)
Would you mind posting this letter.
I don't mind posting this letter (Would you mind+ing form of verb)

Different Structures (textual)

(a) No sooner + had + V3 + than
(b) No sooner + did + V1 + than
(c) Hardly had...V3 + when
(d) Scarcely had ... V3 + when
(e) Enough (before a noun, After an adjective or adverb)

eg: No sooner had the tiger sprung out of the cage than the people left.
No sooner did the tiger spring out of the cage than the people left.
Hardly had the tiger sprung out of the cage when the people left.
Martha was skillful enough to win the scholarship jacket.

Examples

I. Reporter : You are Martha, -------- (a)?
Martha : Yes, I am
Reporter : ------------------------ (b)?
Martha : I am studying in new Texas school.
Reporter: You won the sholarship jacket, ---- (c)?
Martha : Yes, I did
Reporter: ---------------------- (d)?
Martha : No, I didn't pay anything
Reporter : Indeed you deserve it, -----! (e)
Martha : Thank you sir

(a) You are Martha, aren't you?
(b) Where are you studying?
(c) You won the scholarship jacket, didn't you?
(d) Did you pay anything?
(e) Congratulations!

III Phrasal Verbs

Examples

1. Martha dreamt of the graduation night on which she ---- (a) the scholarship jacket. But she was ---- (b) by the conversation of teachers. She couldn't ----- (c) the reason behind their argument.

Ans: (a) put on (b) taken aback (c) make out

2. While Dr. Cronin was walking on the deck he ------ (a) a young man. The man wanted to ---- (b) something to Cronin. Usually the doctor doesn't ----- (c) shipboard contacts. So he deliberately ----- (d) from the young man.

(a) Came across (b) put across (c) Put up with (d) turned away

IV Word Pyramid

inkstand
an inkstand
a grand inkstand
a grand inkstand on the table
a grand inkstand on the table which Satish brought from Calcutta

Determiners

Articles - a, an, the
possessives - my, yours, his, her, their, our
Demonstratives - this, that, these, those

Car
my car
my favourite car
my favourite car in the porch
my favourite car in the porch which I bought in instalments

Adjective, prepositional phrases, Relative clause ഇവ തരംതിരിച്ച് അറിയണം.

V. Missing Words

Textual passage വായിച്ചിരുന്നാൽ മാത്രം മതി.

The Never Never Nest എന്ന പാഠഭാഗത്തിൽ നിന്ന് എടുത്ത വരികളൊന്നു ശ്രദ്ധിക്കൂ.

1 . Jill looks ---- (a) the cheque ---- (b) exclaims ""Ten Pounds''. Then she hurries ---- (c) the table, addresses ---- (d) envelope, endorses the cheque and slips it inside ---- (e) a bill ----- (f) she takes ----- (g) the bag and seals ------ (h) envelope.

(a) at (b) and (c) to (d) an (e) with (f) which (g) from (h) the

2. Another hour ---- (a) sweating in basket ball and displaying my tooth pick legs was coming --- (b). Then I remembered my PE shorts were still ---- (c) a bag ---- (d) my desk, ---- (e) I'd forgotten them. I had ----- (f) walk all ---- (g) way back ----- (h) get them.

(a) of (b) up (c) in (d) under (e) where (f) to (g) the (h) and

3. It was hard ----- (a) tell his age ---- (b) his face ---- (c) acts. His hairless innocent face said he was ---- (d) fourteen ---- (e) the smoke and words gushed out from his mouth suggested he was --- (f) seventeen.
(about, but, and, to, beyond, from)

Ans: (a) to (b) from (c) and (d) about (e) but (f) beyond

VI. Editing

= Editing -ന് ലഭിക്കുന്ന പാസേജിൽ കാണുന്ന തെറ്റുകൾ ഡയഗ്രത്തിൽ സൂചിപ്പിച്ചവ ഏതെങ്കിലുമൊക്കെയാകാം. കരുതലോടെ പഠിച്ചാൽ അഞ്ചുമാർക്ക് ലഭിക്കുന്ന ഉറപ്പായ ചോദ്യമാണ്.

Eg:
1. I feels better (SV agreement)
Ans: I feel better
2. Grandfather replied that if she pay the money, it wouldn't be a scholarship jacket (If clause is reported)
Ans: Grandfather replied that if she paid the money, it wouldn't be a scholarship jacket.
3. Principal asked Martha what told her grandfather. (word order in the reported sentence is wrong)
Ans: Principal asked Martha what her grandfather told.
4. The inkstand was pick up. (past participle should be there in a passivised
sentence)
Ans:The inkstand was picked up
5. His last hope of proving him not a theif hit the dust (spelling error)
Ans: Thief
6. Satish had brought a inkstand from culcutta. (article is not properly used)
Ans: Satish had brought an inkstand from calcutta.

Q. Another lovely thought struck me. I would got married to a woman doctor who have (b) plenty of money and a good medical practice. She had to be fat, for a valid reason. If I made some mistake silly (c) and needed to run away, she should not be able to ran after (d) me.

a) would get
b) had
c) silly mistake
d) run after

VII. Patterns of Sentences

1. SV

Mr. Thorat frowned
Nilkanta surprised

2. SVO

The mangoose attacked the snake
Junk collector picked the parcel of shoes

3. SVOO

Kiran offered Nilkanta a surprise gift
The Principal assured Martha the scholarship jacket

4. SVA

Martha cried bitterly
The shooting was taking place near Shiuri
Adichie started writing at the age of seven

5. SVOA

The thief had stolen most of the things
from the room
Nilkanta took the inkstand from the table

6. SVC

Alyakin was cruel
The inkstand is grand

7. SVOC

Martha had her mind deeply pained
Father Gilligan had his body severely tired.

Subject, Verb, Object ഇവ ഏവർക്കും പരിചിതമാണല്ലോ. Adverbial ആയി വന്ന ഉദാഹരണം ശ്രദ്ധിക്കൂ.

Martha cried bitterly
How did Martha cry?
ഇവിടെ Adverb of manner ആണ്.

The shooting was taking place near shiuri
ഇവിടെ where was the shooting taking place എന്ന ചോദ്യത്തിനുള്ള ഉത്തരമാണ് ലഭിക്കുന്നത്.

അതായത് Adverb of place
Adichie started writing at the age of seven
When did Adichie start writing? എന്ന ചോദ്യത്തിനുള്ള ഉത്തരമാണ് at the age of seven. അതായത് adverb of time.

Alyakin was cruel. ഇവിടെ cruel എന്നത് Alyakin എന്ന വ്യക്തിയുടെ വിശേഷണമാണ്. ഇത്തരം വാക്കുകൾ complement വിഭാഗത്തിൽപ്പെടുന്നു. SVC, SVOC എന്നിവയ്ക്ക് ഉദാഹരണങ്ങൾ ശ്രദ്ധിക്കൂ.

എസ്. ലേഖാ ശങ്കർ
ഗവ. എച്ച്എസ്എസ്, പോരുവഴി

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