tUm. Zo-]p ^n-en-]v
({]-^kÀ, C³-U-kv-{Sn-b B³-Uv am-t\-Pv-saâv
F³-Pn-\n-b-dnw-Kv Un-¸mÀ-«v-saâv
sF-sFSn, Im¬-]qÀ)
anI-hp sX-fn-bn-¡m³ B-Zy ]-co-£. A-Xp I-gn-ªm A-dnhpw I-gnhpw B-än-¡p-dp-¡m³ hoWvSpw H-cp Aán]-co-£. cWvSpw I-S-¶m ]n-¶o-Sp Xn-cn-ªp t\m-t¡-WvSn h-cnÃ; F³-Pn-\n-b-dnw-Kv ]T-\¯n cmPyw A`nam\w sImÅp¶ C-´y³ C³-kv-än-äyq«v Hm-^v sSIv-t\m-fPn (sF-sF-Sn) I-fn G-sX-¦nep-sam-¶n `m-hn I-cp-¸n-Sn-¸n-¡mw. sP-C-C-þAUzm³kvUv- BWv sF-sF-Sn-I-fn-se {]-th-i-\-¯n-\pÅ tbm-Ky-Xm ]-co-£-. sk³-{S t_mÀUv Hm-^v sk-¡³U-dn F-Uyq-t¡-j³ \-S-¯p¶ sP-C-C-þsa-bn-\n BZyw h-cp-¶ c-WvSp e-£w t]-À¡mWp sPC-C (A-Uzm³-kvUv) FgpXmhp¶Xv. C-Xn Øm\w ]nSn¡p¶-hÀ-¡p ap¶nemWv sFsFSnIfpsS IhmSw Xpd¡pI.
\mjW C³Ìnäyq«v Hm^v sSIvt\mfPn (F³sFSn) I-fnepw tI{µ klmbt¯msS {]hÀ¯n¡p¶ Øm]\§fnepw hn-hn[ kwØm\§fnse F-³-Pn-\n-b-dnwKv tIm-f-Pp-I-fn tI-{µ Izm-«-bn-ep-apÅ ko-äp-I-fn {]-th-i-\w \Â-Ip-¶-Xn-\pÅ A-Jn-te´ym s]mXp {]-th-i\ ]-co-£-bmWv sPCC (sabn³). sPCC (sabn³) ]co£bnse kvtImtdm aäp Imcy§tfm sFsFSn {]thi\¯n\p ]cnKWn¡nÃ.
cm-Py-s¯ hn-hn-[ sF-sF-SnIÄ, [m³-_m-Zn-se C-´y³ kv-IqÄ Hm-^v ssa³-kv F-¶n-h-bn-se {]thi\¯n\mWp sPC-C (A-Uzm³-kvUv) \-S-¯p-¶Xv. Iq-Sm-sX C-´y³ C³-kv-än-äyq«v Hm-^v k-b³-kv F-Uyq-t¡-j³ B³-Uv dn-kÀ¨v (sF-kÀ), C-´y³ C³-Ìn-äyq«v Hm-^v k-b³kv, cm-Po-hv Km-Ôn C³-Ìn-äyq«v Hm-^v s]-t{Sm-fn-bw sSIv-t\mf-Pn, Xncph\´]pc s¯ C´y³ C³Ìnäyq«v Hm^v kvt]kv kb³kv B³Uv sSIvt\mfPn F-¶o Øm-]-\-§-fpw sPC-C (A-Uzm³-kvUv) dm-¦v en-Ìn \n-¶pam-Wp hnZymÀYnIsf {]thin¸n¡p-¶Xv.
I-gn-ª X-h-W 13 e-£w hn-ZymÀ-Yn-IÄ sPC-C (sa-bn³) ]co-£ F-gp-Xn-b-Xn 1.52 e-£w t]À¡mWv sPC-C (A-Uzm³-kv-Uv) F-gp-Xm³ AÀlX e-`n-¡¨Xv. A-hkm-\ ^-ew h-¶-t¸mÄ 23407 B¬-Ip-«n-I-fpw 3049 s]¬-Ip-«n-Ifpw DÄ-¸-sS 26456 hn-ZymÀ-Yn-I-Ä-¡p am-{X-am-Wp hn-P-b-s¡m-Sn ]m-dn-¡m-\m-bXv. C-Xn ¹-kv-Sp-hn-\v kn-_n-F-kv-kn kn-e-_-kn ]Tn-¨ 15311 t]À Øm-\w ]n-Sn-¨-t¸mÄ sF-F-kv-kn-C-¡m-cp-sS F-®w 1047 Bbncp¶p. tIc-fm kn-e-_-kn ]Tn-¨-h-cn 106 t]À-¡p am-{X-am-Wv A´n-a en-Ìn C-Sw-]n-Sn-¡m-\m-bXv. hn-Zym-`ym-k-]-c-am-bn tI-c-f-t¯-¡mÄ ]n-t¶m-¡w \nÂ-¡p-¶ cm-P-Øm³ (1610), _o-lmÀ (473), a-[y-{]-tZ-iv (438), D-¯À-{]-tZ-iv (397), ]-Ýn-a-_w-KmÄ (266), IÀ-Wm-S-I (217) kwØm\§Ä C¡mcy¯n Gsd ap¶nembn.
{]tXyIw cPnÌÀ sN¿Ww
sPC-C (sa-bn³)¡p F-gp-Xnb-Xp sIm-WvSp am-{X-am-bnÃ. sPC-C (A-Uzm³-kvUv) ]-co-£-bv-¡p {]-tXy-Iw c-Pn-ÌÀ sN-¿p-Ibpw th-Ww. C-Xn-\p-Å \-S-]-Sn-IÄ G-{]n 29\v B-cw-`n-¡pw. ta-bv \m-ep h-sc c-Pn-kvt{Sj-\p k-a-b-apWvSv. ta-bv 22\mWv sPC-C (A-Uzm³-kvUv) \n-Ý-bn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶Xv. cm-hn-sebpw D-¨-bv¡pw c-WvSp ]mÀ-«m-bm-Wp ]-co-£.
sPC-C (A-Uzm³-kv-Uv)\v X-bm-sd-Sp-¡p-¶-hÀ 2015se ]-co-£-sb¸-än s]m-Xp-hm-bn H-¶p a-\-kn-em-¡n-bn-cn-¡p¶-Xp \Ã-Xm-Wv. 2005se sF-sF-SnþsP-CC-¡p ti-jw G-ähpw I-Sp-¯ ]-co-£-W-am-bn-cp-¶p I-gn-ª hÀ-j-t¯-sX-¶m-Wp s]m-Xphm-b hn-e-bn-cp¯Â. sF-sF-Sn-bn A-Uv-an-j³ B-{K-ln-¡p-¶-h-cn \n¶pw G-ähpw an-I-¨h-sc I-sWvS-¯m-\p-Å ]-co-£- e-fn-X-am-bn-cn-¡-W-sa-¶v B-{K-ln-¨n«pw Im-cy-anÃ. AXp-sIm-WvSp X-s¶ Ignª XhW t{]m-»w tkmÄ-hnw-Kv I-gn-hp-IÄ, ssSw am-t\-Pv-saâv, B-ß-hn-izm-kw F¶n-h A-f-¡p-¶ co-Xn-bn-embncp¶p ]-co-£-bp-sS L-S-\ {I-ao-I-cn-¨n-cp-¶Xv. C-Xn-se k-a-b-¡p-d-hpw s\-K-äo-hv amÀ-¡nwKv coXnbpw A-Xn-k-aÀ-YÀ-¡p t]mepw hnj-aw kr-ãn-¨p-sh-¶-Xv XÀ-¡-anÃm¯ ImcyamWv.
tNmZyLS\ amdmw
c-WvSp ]mÀ-«p-I-fn-ep-am-bn 360 (180+180) amÀ-¡n-\p-Å 120 tNm-Zy-§-fm-Wv 2014 \-S¯n-b sPC-C (A-Uzm³-kv-Uv) D-WvSm-bn-cp-¶-sX-¦n 2015 \-S¯n-b ]-co-£-bv-¡v 504 (264+ 240) amÀ-¡n-\p-Å 120 (60+60) tNm-Zym-§-fm-bncp¶p tNm-Zn-¨Xv.
A-Xmb-Xv ^n-kn-Ivkv, sI-an-kv-{Sn, am-¯-a-än-Iv-kv hn-j-b-§-fn-em-bn Hmtcm ]mÀ-«nepw 20 tNm-Zy-§Ä hoXw. ]mÀ-«v H-¶v 264 amÀ-¡n\pw ]mÀ-«v c-WvSv 240 amÀ-¡n-\p-ap-Å-Xmbncp¶p. c-WvSp ]mÀ-«p-I-fn \n-¶p-ambn Hmtcm hn-j-b-¯n-\pw 168 amÀ-¡m-Wv DWvSmbncp¶Xv. Iq-Sm-sX 504 amÀ-¡n 196 amÀ-¡n-\pÅ tNm-Zy-§Ä ¹-kv h¬ kn-e-_-kn \n-¶pw 308 amÀ-¡n-sâ tNm-Zy-§Ä ¹-kv-Sp kn-e-_-kn \n¶pw D-Å-Xm-bn-cn-cp¶p.
2015se tNmZy t]¸À Hmtcm hn-j-b-hpw-Xn-cn-¨p ]cn-tim-[n-¨m Hm-tcm- hnjb¯nepw tNm-Zy-§-fp-sS F-®hpw amÀ-¡p-I-fp-sS hy-Xym-khpw {i-²-bnÂ-s¸-Spw. sI-an-kv-{Sn-¡p ]mÀ-«v H-¶n-\v 32 amÀ-¡n-\p-Å G-gv tNm-Zy-§-Ä ¹-kv h¬ kn-e-_-kn \n-¶pw 56 amÀ-¡n-sâ 13 tNm-Zy-§Ä ¹-kv-Sp kn-e-_-kn \n-¶p-am-bn-cp¶p. t]-¸À c-WvSn-\v 24 amÀ-¡n-sâ B-dp tNm-Zy-§Ä ¹-kv h¬ kn-e-_-kn \n-¶pw 56 amÀ-¡n-sâ 14 tNm-Zy-§Ä ¹-kv-Sp kn-e-_-kn \n-¶pw. ^n-kn-Iv-kn-\v C-cp ]mÀ-«p-I-fnepw ¹-kv h¬ kn-e-_-kn \n¶pw F-«p tNm-Zy-§fpw ( 36 amÀ-¡v) ¹-kv-Sp kn-e-_-kn \n-¶pw 12 tNm-Zy-§-fp-am-bncp¶p tNm-Zn-¨Xv (52 amÀ¡v) . am-¯-a-än-Iv-knepw tNm-Zy-§-fp-sS F-®w C-Xp X-s¶-bm-sW-¦nepw amÀ-¡n-sâ Im-cy-¯n t\cn-b hy-Xym-kw DWvSmbncp¶p. ]mÀ-«v H¶n-\v b-Ym-{I-aw 40, 48 ]mÀ-«v c-WvSn-\v 32, 48.
\nehmchpw amdmw
cmPys¯ Gähpw anI¨ Øm]\§fnte¡v Gähpw anI¨hsc Xs¶ sXcsªSpt¡WvSt¸mÄ tNmZyIÀ¯m¡fn \n¶pw henb Zb {]Xo£nt¡WvS. AXpsImWvSp Xs¶ ]e \nehmc¯nepÅh Iq«nbnW¡nbmbncn¡pw sPC-C (A-Uzm³-kvUv) ]-co-£-bv-¡p tNmZy t]¸À Xbmdm¡pI. Cu kmlNcy¯n ap³ hÀjs¯ tNmZy§fpsS LS\bpw coXnbpw Adnªncn¡p¶Xv Bß hnizmkw hÀ[n¸n¡psa¶ Imcy¯n XÀ¡anÃ. (2014sebpw 2015sebpw ]co£m coXnIfn hyXymkw DWvSmbncp¶Xp t]mse 2016epw amä§Ä DWvSmtb¡mw).
Hmtcm hnjb¯nepw aq-¶p X-cw tNm-Zy-§-fmWv ap³ hÀjw D-WvSm-bncp¶Xv. Ht¶m A-Xn-e-[n-Itam i-cn D-¯-c-§-fp-Å aÄ-«n-¸nÄ tNm-bv-kv Iz-kv-äy³-kv (10 F®w), i-cn D¯-cw hÀ-¡u-«v sN-bv-sX-Sp-¯p amÀ-¡v sN-t¿-WvS-h - single digit integer answer type questions (F-s«®w), tNcpw]Sn tNÀt¡-WvS-h þmatch the column (c-WvSv) F-¶n-§-s\-bm-bncp¶p ]mÀ-«v H-¶n-sâ L-S-\. ]mÀ-«v c-WvSp h-cpt¼mÄ tNcp]Sn tNÀt¡WvShbv¡p ]I-cw \mev tImw-{]n-sl³-j³ ssS-]v tNm-Zy-§-fpw a-äp c-WvSp hn-`m-K-§-fn-em-bn F-«p tNm-Zy-§Ä ho-X-hp-am-Wv D-WvSm-bncp¶Xv.
c-WvSv ]mÀ-«nepw CânPÀ ssS¸v tNm-Zy-§Ä-¡v i-cn D-¯-c-¯n-\p \m-ep amÀ-¡v. s\-K-äo-hv amÀ-¡v CÃ. Fw-knIyp am-Xr-I-bn-epÅ tNm-Zy-§Ä-¡v c-WvSp ]mÀ-«nepw i-cn D-¯-c-¯n-\p \m-ep amÀ-¡pWvSmbncp¶t¸mÄ sX-än-\v c-WvSp s\Käohv amÀ-¡v . aq-¶ma-s¯ hn-`m-K-¯n ]mÀ-«v H-¶n i-cn D-¯-c-¯n-\v F-«p amÀ-¡pw sX-än-\v \m-ep s\-K-äohv amÀ-¡pamWv DWvSmbncp¶Xv. ]mÀ-«v c-WvSn-se tImw-{]n-sl³-j³ ssS-]v hn-`m-K-¯n i-cn-¡p \m-ep amÀ-¡v \ÂInbt¸mÄ sX-än-\v c-WvSp amÀ-¡p Ip-d-¨p.
c-WvSv Cân-PÀ ssS¸v tNm-Zy-§Ä AÂ-¸w {]-bm-k-am-bn-cp¶psh-¶-sXm-gn-¨m ]mÀ-«v H-¶v ^n-kn-Iv-kv s]m-Xp-th F-fp-¸-ambncp¶sh¶mbncp¶p hn-ZymÀ-Yn-I-fp-sS A-`n-{]mbw. Fw-knIyp am-Xr-I-bn \m-ep tNm-Zy-§Ä F-fp-¸-ap-Å-h-bmbncps¶-¦n A-s©-®w i-cmi-cn \n-e-hm-cw ]p-eÀ-¯p-¶Xpw H-sc-®w AÂ-¸w I-«n-bp-Å-Xp-am-bn-cp¶p. t]-¸À c-WvSn FÃm hn-`m-K-¯nepw Cu c-WvSp tNm-Zy-§Ä AÂ-¸w F-fp-¸-am-bn-cp¶t¸mÄ a-äp tNm-Zy-§Ä D-bÀ-¶ \n-e-hm-cw ]p-eÀ-¯p-¶-h-bm-bn-cp¶p. ^n-kn-Iv-kn tNm-Zy-§Ä h-¶ {][m-\ `m-K§Ä: th-hvkv (F-«p amÀ-¡n-sâ c-WvSp tNm-Zy-§Ä), C-e-t{Îm ssU-\m-an-Iv-kv (36 amÀ-¡n-sâ H¼-Xp tNm-Zy-§Ä), sXÀtam ssU-\m-an-Iv-kv (12 amÀ-¡n-sâ aq-¶p tNm-Zy-§Ä), sa-¡m-\n-Iv-kv (56 amÀ-¡n-sâ 13 tNm-Zy-§Ä), tam-tU¬ ^n-kn-Iv-kv (32 amÀ-¡n-sâ G-gv tNm-Zy-§Ä), H-]v-än-Iv-kv (24 amÀ-¡n-sâ B-dp tNm-Zy-§Ä).
sI-an-kv-{Sn-bnepw G-I-tZ-iw C-tX co-Xn-bn A-\m-bm-kw D¯-cw F-gp-Xm-hp-¶-h ap-X {]-bm-k-ta-dn-b-h h-sc DÄ-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-cp¶p. ]mÀ-«v H-¶nse F-«v Cân-PÀ Iz-Ìy³-kn c-sWvS-®w {]-bm-k-ta-dn-b-Xm-bncps¶-¦n a-äp-Å-h F-fp-¸-am-bncp¶p. Fw-kn-Iyp-hn A-s©-®w F-fp-¸-ap-ÅXpw _m-¡n D-bÀ-¶ \n-e-hm-c-¯n-ep-Å-Xp-am-bn-cp¶p. aq¶mw `m-K-¯n H-sc®w Cu-kn-bmbncps¶-¦n A-Sp¯-Xv S-^v B-bn-cp¶p. ]mÀ-«v cWvSpw C-tX \n-e-hm-c-¯n-ep-Å-Xm-bn-cp¶p. Câ-PÀ Iz-Ìy³-kn c-sWvS-®w F-fp-¸-ap-Å-Xm-bn-cps¶-¦n F-s«-®w {]-bm-k-ta-dn-b-Xm-bn-cp¶p. Fw-kn-Iy-hn A-s©-®w h-sc F-fp-¸-ap-Å-Xpw. tImw-{]n-sl³-j³ hn-`m-K-¯n H-sc-®w F-fp-¸-ap-Å-Xpambncp¶p. F¶m c-sWvS-®w i-cmi-cn \n-e-hm-c-¯nepw H-sc-®w I-Sp-¸-¯n-ep-Å-Xp-am-bn-cp¶p. {][m\ tSm-¸n-¡pIÄ: C³-HmÀ-Km-\n-Iv sI-an-kv-{Sn ( 64 amÀ-¡n-sâ 15 tNm-Zy-§Ä), HmÀ-Km-\n-Iv sI-an-kv-{Sn (56 amÀ-¡n-sâ 14 tNm-Zy-§Ä), ^n-kn-¡Â sI-an-kv-{Sn ( 48 amÀ-¡n-sâ 11 tNm-Zy-§Ä).
t]-¸À H-¶n-se G-ähpw {]-bm-k-ta-dnb-Xv am-¯-a-än-Iv-km-bncps¶-¶m-Wp s]m-Xp-th-bp-Å hn-e-bn-cp¯Â. ]-c-¼-cm-K-X co-Xn-bn-ep-ÅXpw h-f-sc-b-[n-Iw _p-²n D-]-tbm-Kn-t¡-WvS-Xpamb tNm-Zy-§Ä C-S-I-eÀ-¯nbmWp tNmZn¨Xv.Cân-PÀ tNm-Zy-§-fn aq-s¶-®w F-fp-¸-ap-Å-Xmbps¶¦n a-äp tNm-Zy-§-fp-sS \n-e-hm-cw D-bÀ-¶p \n¶p. Fw-kn-Iyp-hn aq-s¶-®w {]-bm-k-ta-dnb-Xv B-bn-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ a-äp-Å-h AÂ-¸w Iq-Sn F-fp-¸w ssI-Imcyw sN-¿m-hp-¶-Xm-bn-cp¶p. aq¶mw hn-`m-K-¯n H«pw Zm-£Wyw DWvSmbnÃ. t]-¸À c-WvSv ^n-kn-Iv-kn-s\-¡mÄ AÂ-¸w Iq-Sn {]-bm-kw Ip-d-ª-Xm-bn-cp¶p I-W-¡n-sâ cWvSmw t]¸À. F-«v Cân-PÀ Iz-Ìy³-kn \m-se-®w F-fp-¸-hpw _m-¡n {]-bm-k-ap-Å-Xpambncp¶p. Fw-kn-Iyp-hn aq-¶p tNm-Zy-§-tf A¸w Ffp¸ambncp¶pÅp. tImw-{]n-sl³-j³ hn-`m-K-¯n _p-²n Im-cy-am-bn D-]-tbm-Kn-s¨-¦n am-{Xw D¯-cw F-gp-Xm-hp-¶-Xm-bn-cp¶p tNm-Zy§Ä. {][m\ tSm-¸n-¡p-IÄ: HmÄ-Pn-{_ (16 amÀ-¡n-sâ \m-ev tNm-Zy-§Ä), ss_-t\m-an-b Xnb-dw B³-Uv tImw-s¹-Iv-kv \-t¼-gvkv (F-«p amÀ-¡n-sâ c-WvSp tNm-Zy-§Ä), tPym-sa-{Sn (24 amÀ-¡n-sâ B-dp tNm-Zy-§Ä), ImÂ-¡p-e-kv (64 amÀ-¡n-sâ 16 tNm-Zy-§Ä), a-{Sn-Iv-kv ( F-«p amÀ-¡n-sâ c-WvSp tNm-Zy-§Ä), Iu-WvSnwKv (\m-ep amÀ-¡n-sâ H-cp tNmZyw), t{]m-_-_n-en-än (12 amÀ-¡n-sâ aq-¶p tNmZyw), kn-Iz³-kv B³-Uv ko-cn-kv (12 amÀ-¡n-sâ c-WvSp tNm-Zy-§Ä, Izm-{Um-än-Iv C-tIz-j³kv (\m-ep amÀ-¡n-sâ H-cp tNmZyw), {SnKv-t\m-sa-{Sn (16 amÀ-¡n-sâ aq-¶p tNmZyw).
]Xn-s\«v sF-sF-Sn-IÄ
]p-Xp-Xm-bn ]m-e-¡m-«v B-cw-`n-¨-XpĸsS ]Xn-s\«v sF-sF-Sn-I-fm-Wv cm-Py-¯p-ÅXv. Iq-Sm-sX C-´y³ kv-IqÄ Hm-^v ssa³-knepw sP-C-C A-Uzm³-kv-Uv dm-¦v en-Ìn \n-¶m-Wv A-Uv-anj³. \m-ep hÀj-s¯ _n-sSIv, _n-Fkv, _n-^mw, _n-BÀ-¡v tIm-gv-kp-IÄ¡pw _n-sS-IvþFw-sSIv, _n-F-kvþFw-F-kv C-c-« _ncpZ tIm-gv-kp-IÄ¡pw Câ-t{Kä-Uv Fw-^mw, Câ-t{Kä-Uv Uyp-h Un{Kn Fw-^mw, Câ-t{Kä-Uv Fw-sSIv, Câ-t{Kä-Uv Fw-F-kv-kn Xp-S§n-b A-©p hÀj tIm-gv-kp-IÄ¡pw P-C-C A-Uzm³-kv-Uv dm-¦v en-kv-än \n¶pw {]-thi-\w e-`n-¡pw. ta-bv 22\v cm-hn-se H¼-Xp ap-X 12 h-scbpw D-¨ I-gn-ªv c-WvSp ap-X A-©p h-scbpw c-WvSp t]-¸-dp-I-fm-Wp-ÅXv.
tbm-Ky-X
sP-C-C sa-bn³ dm-¦v en-kv-än B-Zy-s¯ c-WvSp e-£-¯n-\I-¯p h-cp-¶-h-cm-bn-cn-¡Ww. 1991 H-tÎm-_À H¶nt\m A-Xn-\p ti-jtam P-\n-¨-h-cm-bn-cn-¡Ww. ]«n-I Pm-XnþhÀ-K-¡mÀ-¡v A-©p hÀj-s¯ C-f-hpWvSv. ]-c-amh-[n c-WvSp X-h-W am-{X-ta sP-C-C A-Uzm³-kv-Un ]-s¦-Sp-¡m³ ]m-Sp-Åp. 2015 B-Zy-am-bn ]-s¦-Sp-¯-hÀ-¡v C-¡p-dnbpw A-h-k-c-apWvSv.
2015 ¹v-kv-Sp ]m-km-Ip-Itbm Cu hÀ-jw ]co-£ F-gp-Xp-Itbm sN-¿p-¶-hÀ-¡m-Wv A-t]-£n-¡m-hp-¶-Xv. ap³-]v A-Uv-an-j³ e-`n-¨-hÀ hoWvSpw A-t]-£n-¡m³ tbm-KycÃ. sP-C-C A-Uzm³-kn-Un-\v G-{]n 29 ap-X ta-bv \m-ep hsc www.jeeadv.ac.in F-¶ sh-_v ssk-än-eqsS Hm¬ sse-\m-bn A-t]-£n-¡Ww. s]m-Xp hn-`m-K-¯n-\v 2000 cq-]-bm-Wv At]-£ ^o-kv.s]¬-Ip-«n-IÄ¡pw ]«n-I Pm-XnþhÀ-¡mÀ¡pw hn-I-emw-KÀ-¡pw 1000 cq-]. G-gp ta-J-e-I-fm-bn Xn-cn-¨m-Wp ]-co-£. tIc-fw a-{Zmkv sF-sF-Sn-bp-sS Io-gn-epÅ tkm-Wn h-cpw. tI-c-f-¯n Xn-cp-h-\-´-]pcw, sIm¨n, tIm-gn-t¡m-Sv F-¶n-hn-S-§-fn ]-co-£m tI-{µ-§-fpWvSv.