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knhn kÀhokv ]co£bn Xpey {]m[m\yw \ÂIn hcp¶ cWvSp hnjb§fmWp Ncn{Xhpw, `cWLS\bpw. Cu hnjb§Ä kw_Ôn¨ tNmZy§Ä hnZymÀYnIfpsS ap¼n DbÀ¯p¶Xv cWvSpXcw shÃphnfnIfmWv. hnjbssh]peyhpw, Ncn{X{KÙ§fpsS ssZÀLyhpamWv Ncn{X]T\¯nsâ {]tXyIXIÄ F¦nÂ, Bg¯n Npgv¶nd§p¶ tNmZy§fmWp `cWLS\m hn`mK¯n k¦oÀWX krjvSn¡p¶Xv. ]co£bv¡p XbmsdSpt¼mÄ cWvSp hnjb§fpw ZpxjvIchpw hnckhpambn ]eÀ¡pw tXm¶ntb¡mw. \nbatam, Ncn{Xtam _ncpZXe¯n ]Tn¨hÀ¡p am{Xta Cu hnjb§fnepÅ tNmZy§Ä ssIImcyw sN¿m³ Ignbqsh¶v Nn´n¡p¶hcpapWvSmImw. F¶mÂ, hyàn PohnX¯nepw kmaqly _Ô§fnepw Ch F{Xtbsd {]kàhpw {]tbmP\{]ZhpamsW¶pÅ kXyw {ItaW t_m[yamIpt¼mÄ sshapJyw amdpsa¶p am{XaÃ, XÕw_Ôamb ]T\w BIÀjIambn XocpIbpw sN¿pw. A§s\bpÅ DÄ¡mgvN {i²m]qÀhamb, £atbmsSbpÅ hmb\bneqsS am{Xta e`yamIpsh¶p hnZymÀYnIÄ a\knem¡Ww.

`cWLS\m ]T\¯nsâ {]tXyIXIÄ Fs´¶v AÂ]w hniZambn ]cntim[n¡mw. Hcp cmjv{S¯nsâ `cW kwhn[m\w t{ImUoIcn¡p¶ \nbakwlnXbmWv `cWLS\. cmPyX{´w, AYhm cmjv{Saoamwksb¶ `mjm´cw sN¿mhp¶ t]mfnänIvkv Asæn s]mfnän¡Â kb³kv F¶ hnimeamb ]T\ imJbpsS Hcp `mKamWv `cWLS\. cmjv{Shpw ]uc\pw X½nepÅ _Ôhpw D¯chmZnXz§fpw \nÀhNn¡pIbpw \nÀ[mcWw sN¿pIbpamWp `cWLS\bpsS Dt±ihpw e£yhpw. `cWLS\bn kamthin¨ncn¡p¶ Cu al¯mb [Àaw \½psS ssZ\wZn\ PohnX¯nepw Pzen¨pw a§nbpw {]Xy£s¸SmdpWvSv.

DZmlcW¯n\v tIhew kwib¯nsâ t]cn t]meokv IÌUnbn AIs¸« \nc]cm[nbmb Hcp hyàn, AYnhm tdmUv A]IS¯nsâ ZrIvkm£nbmIpItbm, apdnthä Bfns\ Bip]{Xnbnse¯n¡m³ klmbn¡pItbm sNbvX Hcp \à kadmb¡mc³ þ ChÀ cWvSpt]cpw Hcp]t£ t\cntSWvSnhcp¶Xv \nba¯nsâ Asæn \S]Sn {Ia¯nsâ ]mcpjyhpw \nba]meIcpsS \nkwKXbpambncn¡pw. AtXkabw `cWLS\bpsS 21, 22 hIp¸pIÄ Hmtcm ]uc\pw Dd¸v \ÂIp¶ hyànkzmX{´yhpw \nba]cnc£bpamWv A\ymbamb XShneqsS Hmtcm\nanjhpw \ntj[n¡s¸Sp¶Xv. `cWLS\m ]T\¯neqsS am{Xta \nba]meIcpsS A[nImc]cn[n F{Xt¯mfamWv, kp{]owtImSXn hsc hym]n¨pInS¡p¶ \oXn\ymb hyhØnXn \½psS auenImhImi§Ä ]cnc£n¡m³ F{Xam{Xw ISs¸«XmWv F¶pÅ Aht_m[apWvSmIq. cmjv{S¯nsâ AJWvUX, kaql¯nsâ s]mXpXmXv]cyw, AtXmsSm¸w hyànbpsS auenImhImi§Ä F¶nh `cWLS\ hgn F§s\ ka{Kambn k´penXambn kwc£n¡s¸Sp¶psh¶pÅ AdnhmWv knhn kÀhokv ]co£bneqsS bp]nFkvkn hnebncp¯p¶Xv F¶p]dbmw.

hyànIfpsS auenImhImi§Ä¡v {]uVhpw ]hn{Xhpamb Hcp Øm\w I¸n¨psImSp¯ AtX `cWLS\Xs¶, \nba\nÀamWw hgn B A[nImc§fpsS {]tbmK¯n ]cnanXnIÄ GÀs¸Sp¯m³ ]mÀesaân\v AhImiapWvSmbncn¡psa¶v \njvIÀjn¡pIbpw sNbvXXmWv `cWLS\m ]T\¯n hensbmc[ymb¯n\p XpS¡w Ipdn¨Xv. hyànIfpsS auenImhImi§fpsS ]cnc£sb¡pdn¨v Bcw`n¨ Hcp kwhmZw, Imem´c¯n kp{]owtImSXnbpw ]mÀesaâpw X§fpsS A[nImc]cn[nIsf kw_Ôn¨ kwLÀj¯n F¯nt¨cm³ hgnsbmcp¡nb kw`h ]c¼cIÄ DtZzKapfhm¡p¶hbmWv. hyàn kzmX{´yhpw ]mÀesaânsâ A[nImc§fpw kw_Ôn¨ X§fpsS ap³ \nKa\§sf¯s¶ ]qÀWambn Xncp¯nsbgpXpI hgn \½psS kp{]owtImSXn hyàn kzmX{´y¯n A[njvTnXamb Hcp P\m[n]Xy hyhØnXnbn hnizmkaÀ¸n¡pI am{XaÃ, AZayamb [mÀanI _e¯nsâ ]n³_et¯msS ]mÀesaânsâ tkzÑm]chpw GI]£obhpamb \nba\nÀamW {]hWXIÄ¡v ISnªmWnSpIbpw sNbvXp F¶Xv temI{i²bmIÀjn¨ Ncn{X kw`h§fmWv.

hn[n\ymb§Ä ]Tn¡Ww

\nbahmgvN F¶ al¯mb Bib¯nsâ hnIk\¯nepw Imcym\zb\¯nepw taÂ]dª hnJymXamb hn[n\ymb§Ä F{X henb ]¦v hln¨n«pWvSv F¶ Aht_m[hpw Hcp knhn kÀhokv Imw£nbn \n¶v {]Xo£n¡pI kzm`mhnIamWv. (IqSpX hnhc§Ä a\knem¡m³ B{Kln¡p¶hÀ F.sI. tKm]me³ (1950), ta\ImKmÔn (1978), tKmeIv\mYv (1967) tIihm\µv `mcXn (1973) F¶o tIkpIsf¸änbpÅ teJ\§Ä hmbn¡pI).
`cWLS\ ASnØm\ XXz§Ä F¶pÅ k¦Â]w hnIkn¸ns¨Sp¯Xv kp{]kn²amb tIihm\µ `mcXn tIknsâ hn[n\ymb¯neqsSbmsW¦nepw, B Bib¯n \n¶v Dcp¯ncnª hnjb§fn tImSXnIfpsS ]p\chtemI\¯n\pÅ A[nImcw PpUoj dnhyq F¶Xv XÀ¡hnjbambn XpScp¶psWvS¶pÅXpw {i²mÀlamWv. ImcWw temIvk`m kv]o¡À, C´y³ {]knUâv, KhÀWÀamÀ F¶nhÀ XpS§n `cWLS\ hn`mh\w sNbvX sXcsªSp¸v I½ojWÀ, knFPn apXembhÀ hsc \nch[n hnhmZ§fnÂs¸«psImWvSncn¡p¶Xv P\m[n]Xy hyhØnXn¡v Hcp shÃphnfnbmWv. AtXkabwXs¶ tImSXnIfpsS kwc£Ww IqSmsX `cWLS\ hmKvZm\w sN¿p¶ ]e auenImhImi§fpw ]mÀesaânsâbpw Kh¬saânsâbpw IS¶m{IaW§Ä¡v hnt[bamtb¡mw F¶ A]IShpw \ne\n¡p¶ Hcp ImeL«amWnXv. a\pjymhImi§Ä DZvtLmjn¡p¶ Atacn¡bn t]mepw, cmPykpc£bpsS t]cn A`n{]mb hn\nba kzmX{´yhpw k©mc kzmX{´yhpw \nb{´n¨psImWvSncn¡pIbmsW¶p ]cs¡ hnaÀi\apWvSv.

slÂaäv [mcWw apX {]kn²oIcW kzmX{´yw hsc NÀ¨mhnjb§fmbn¡gnªp. ap³Ime {]m_eyt¯msS \nIpXn hÀ[\hn\mbn ap³ Kh¬saâv apXnÀ¶Xpw, F³PnHIfpsS {]hÀ¯\ kzmX{´y¯n\v hne¡pIÄ GÀs¸Sp¯p¶Xnt\¸änbpÅ ]{XhmÀ¯Ifpw kqNn¸n¡p¶Xv Cu hnjb§sf kw_Ôn¨v B[nImcnIamb, \njv]£amb ]T\hpw, tImSXnIfpsS ]p\chtemI\m[nImc¯nsâ \ymbkwKXamb CSs]Sepw Ct¸mgpw {]kàamsW¶pÅXmWv. knhn kÀhokv ]co£sb kw_Ôn¨nSt¯mfw Ch {][m\amsW¶pÅXv hyàamWtÃm.

s^Udenkhpw {][m\w

hyànkzmX{´ys¯ Npän¸änbpÅ hnhmZ§Ä¡v ]pdsa, `cWLS\m]T\¯n {i²mÀlamb asämcp hnjbw C´ybpsS s^Ud k{¼Zmb¯n kw`hn¨ncn¡p¶ A]Nb§fmWv. tI{µ þ kwØm\ _ԧġv De¨n X«p¶ hn[¯n ]e hnhmZ§fpw XebpbÀ¯nbncn¡p¶p. Chbn {][m\ambh KhÀWÀamcpsS \nba\hpw, AhÀ¡v `cWLS\bpsS 356þmw hIp¸v {]Imcw e`yambncn¡p¶ Akm[mcW A[nImc§fpamsW¶p]dbmw. tI{µ Kh¬saâpambn A`n{]mbhyXymkw {]ISn¸n¡p¶ tÌäv Kh¬saâpIsf apS´³\ymb§Ä hgn ]pd¯m¡m³ KhÀWÀamÀ Zpcp]tbmKw sNbvXpt]m¶ hIp¸mWnXv. 1994  kp{]owtImSXn ]pds¸Sphn¨ {]kn²amb hn[n\ymbw aqeamWv Cu {]hWXbv¡v \nb{´Ww h¶Xv (Fkv.BÀ. s_mss½ tIkv). `cWLS\ \nÀtZin¡p¶ tI{µ ^n\m³kv I½ojsâ {]hÀ¯\¯n h¶p kw`hn¨ncn¡p¶ \yq\XIfmWv kwØm\ kÀ¡mcpIfpsS AkwXr]vXn¡v asämcp {][m\ ImcWw.

Kh¬saâv kzbw sI«n¸Sp¯ ¹m\nwKv I½oj³ ]²XnhnlnXw hnXcWw sN¿p¶Xpaqew IqSpX kzm[o\w t\SnsbSp¯ncn¡p¶Xpw Hcp kwKXnbmbn XpScp¶p. kwØm\ kÀ¡mcpIfpsS klIcW IpdhmWv C¶v km¼¯nI cwK¯v Gähpw \nÀWmbIamb Pn.Fkv.Sn (KpUvkv B³Uv kÀhokkv SmIvkv) F¶Xpw Hcp ZpxJkXyamWv. kwØm\§Ä X½n \nehnencn¡p¶ \ZoPe XÀ¡§fpw `cWLS\bpsS 262þmw hIp¸n ]cmaÀin¡p¶psWvS¦nepw C¶pw Ømbnbmb ]cnlmcw ImWmsX XpScpIbmWv. tI{µ þ kwØm\ hnhmZ§Ä Ab cmjv{S§fmb {ioe¦bpw _w¥mtZipw X½nepÅ D`b_Ô§sfbpw _m[nt¨¡psa¶ A]IShpw \nehnepWvSv. s^Ud kwhn[m\¯n h¶ncn¡p¶ Xmf¸ngIÄ cmjv{S¯nsâ `mhnsbkw_Ôn¨nSt¯mfw {]m[m\yaÀln¡p¶XpsImWvSpXs¶ knhn kÀhokv ]co£bv¡pw Gähpw {]kàamb Hcp hnjbambn IW¡mt¡WvSnbncn¡p¶p. `cWLS\m ]T\wt]mse Ncn{Xw knhn kÀhokv ]co£bn {]m[m\yaÀln¡p¶psh¶Xv C\n Hchkc¯n NÀ¨ sN¿mw.

B>G{_lmw Ipcy³
(UbdÎÀ, Aa tPymXn C³Ìnäyq«v Hm^v knhn kÀhokkv, Imªnc¸Ån)
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